Warm the milk in the microwave for about 45 seconds until warm but not boiling. Add yeast and let it bloom for 5 minutes.

Combine the milk and yeast mixture with egg, sugar, and salt in a large bowl. Mix well.

Grate 1 cup unsalted butter and add it with flour. Gently mix until incorporated.

Knead the dough by hand or with a dough hook until smooth, about 5-7 minutes. Let it rise for 1 hour.

Roll the risen dough into a rectangle about ½ inch thick.

Spread 4 tablespoons of butter evenly over the rolled-out dough.

Mix brown sugar, flour, orange zest, cardamom, and salt. Sprinkle this mixture over the buttered dough.

Roll the dough into a log and pinch the seam to seal. Cut the log in half lengthwise and twist the halves together.

Twist into a circular shape with the cut layers facing up. Let it rise for another hour.

Preheat the oven to 350°F. Bake for 25 minutes, then cover with foil and bake for another 10 minutes.

Allow to cool slightly then prepare the glaze.

Whisk together confectioner's sugar and orange juice until smooth. Pour glaze over bread.